After the study phase of a clinical trial is completed, the data is collected to determine the effectiveness of a drug, its side effects, and if it is safe to use. Based off of these results, researchers then determine if they should move on to the next phase of the study or stop testing it altogether. After phase III of the study, researchers determine whether the results are sufficient enough to submit to medical journals for peer-review. The results may also be submitted for approval to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
If the FDA approves a drug, further studies that compare the new drug to other drugs already available on the market may be conducted. These studies typically include comparing a drug’s safety, long term-effectiveness, cost, and impact on the quality of a person’s life to other drugs on the market.